Microgravity effects refer to the changes that occur in physical and biological systems when they are exposed to a environment with very low gravity, such as during space travel or on a spacecraft. These effects can include alterations in the behavior of fluids, the growth of cells and tissues, and the functioning of organisms. Studying microgravity effects is important for understanding the impact of space travel on human health, developing countermeasures to prevent negative effects, and exploring the potential for new technologies and scientific discoveries in space.